Estudio psicogenético en el área de la lecto-escritura y de la matemática en una muestra de alumnos de primer año escolar de la región de Turrialba.
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1986
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IIMEC
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Con esta investigación, se confirmó, en la población en estudio, que hay una evolución psicogenética en niveles jerarquizados, tanto en el área de lectoescritura como en el área matemática. Se observó un progreso sucesivo por niveles en cada una de las pruebas entre el pretest y el postest. Así, se constata la realidad psicológica de los procesos de los procesos de asimilación y acomodación.
Según lo encontrado, se puede señalar la necesidad de ampliar la concepción de la acción educativa, incluyendo un nuevo objetivo primordial: ayudar al niño a transformar sus esquemas asimiladores sin impedir el proceso de construcción de pensamiento que persigue en forma natural.
Además, se comprobó el hecho de que el proceso de evolución intelectual es cíclico, y que después de haber asimilado un concepto en determinado contexto, el niño retrocede a niveles inferiores cuando debe generalizarlo. Por otra parte, se constata mejor desarrollo en el área de lengua que en la de matemáticas, situación que probablemente obedece a que se le da más importancia a la lectoescritura en los niveles educativos inferiores. En general, son mejores los resultados de niños que asisten a escuelas grandes.
ABSTRACT: With this research, it was confirmed, in the study population, that there is a psychogenetic evolution at hierarchical levels, both in the area of literacy and in the mathematical area. Successive progress by levels is experienced in each of the tests between the pretest and the posttest. Thus, the psychological reality of the processes of the assimilation and accommodation processes is verified. According to what has been found, the need to broaden the conception of educational action can be identified, including a new primary objective: to help the child transform his assimilating schemes without impeding the process of construction of the thought that he naturally pursues. Furthermore, it was verified that the process of intellectual evolution is cyclical, and that after having assimilated a concept in a given context, the child returns to lower levels when he must generalize it. On the other hand, there is a better development in the area of language than in mathematics, a situation that is probably due to the fact that literacy is given more importance at lower educational levels. In general, they are better for children who attend large schools.
ABSTRACT: With this research, it was confirmed, in the study population, that there is a psychogenetic evolution at hierarchical levels, both in the area of literacy and in the mathematical area. Successive progress by levels is experienced in each of the tests between the pretest and the posttest. Thus, the psychological reality of the processes of the assimilation and accommodation processes is verified. According to what has been found, the need to broaden the conception of educational action can be identified, including a new primary objective: to help the child transform his assimilating schemes without impeding the process of construction of the thought that he naturally pursues. Furthermore, it was verified that the process of intellectual evolution is cyclical, and that after having assimilated a concept in a given context, the child returns to lower levels when he must generalize it. On the other hand, there is a better development in the area of language than in mathematics, a situation that is probably due to the fact that literacy is given more importance at lower educational levels. In general, they are better for children who attend large schools.
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EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA, MATEMÁTICAS, LECTOESCRITURA, MÉTODOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN, PRIMARY EDUCATION, MATHS, READING