Necesidades y alternativas de capacitación en salud y nutrición para docentes de preescolar y primaria de la Dirección General de Enseñanza de San Ramón y Subregión Occidental de Salud.
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1994
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IIMEC
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Según las investigadoras, el estudio permitió determinar una serie de indicadores sobre necesidades de capacitación de los docentes de preescolar y primaria de la Región de Occidente, específicamente en el área de salud y nutrición. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una encuesta que contestaron 41 educadores de preescolar y 79 de primaria, además de la observación directa por parte de las encargadas del estudio. El informe incluye algunas conclusiones de mucha relevancia para la toma de decisiones al respecto: la mayor concentración de centros de educación preescolar se encuentran en zonas urbanas, y de estos los que más se han desarrollado son los jardines infantiles. Los educadores recurren a tres fuentes (libros, revistas y la prensa) para integrar la temática de salud y nutrición en sus clases, pues es poco el asesoramiento que ofrecen el MEP y el Ministerio de Salud. El 66% de los educadores de preescolar no han recibido capacitación en el área de salud y nutrición, en general no cuentan con conocimientos básicos sobre el tema y pueden ser el origen del desarrollo de ciertas conductas y actitudes negativas hacia esta área (por ejemplo, considerar que el consumo de grasas y sal en exceso es recomendable para la buena nutrición), desconocen la implicación que tiene la nutrición poco satisfactoria en alteraciones significativas de mortalidad en Costa Rica (cáncer de colon, problemas cardiacos y renales, diverticulosis) y están influidos por creencias falsas con respecto a los alimentos (como el considerar el consumo de remolacha y caldo de frijol bueno para la sangre, y creer que la gelatina es muy nutritiva). Este mismo patrón se repite en relación con los docentes de primaria. Ambos grupos están conscientes de la importancia de retomar estos temas en los programas de estudio, pero no cuentan con los conocimientos que les permitan llevarlo a cabo. Finalmente, el informe reseña los resultados de cinco talleres que se realizaron para determinar el perfil profesional de los docentes en las áreas de salud y nutrición, y da algunas recomendaciones sobre la solución del problema estudiado.
ABSTRACT: According to researchers, the study allowed to determine a series of indicators on the training needs of preschool and primary teachers in the Western Region, specifically in the area of health and nutrition. The research was carried out through a survey that answered 41 preschool and 79 primary school educators, in addition to direct observation by those in charge of the study. The report includes some conclusions of great relevance for decision-making in this regard: the highest concentration of preschool education centers is in urban areas, and of these the most developed are kindergartens. Educators use three sources (books, magazines, and the press) to integrate health and nutrition issues into their classes, as there is little advice offered by the MEP and the Ministry of Health. 66% of preschool educators have not received training in the area of health and nutrition, generally do not have basic knowledge on the subject and may be the origin of the development of certain negative behaviors and attitudes towards this area (for example, to consider that the consumption of fats and salt in excess is recommended for good nutrition), they are unaware of the implication that unsatisfactory nutrition has in alterations of fats in Costa Rica (colon cancer, heart and kidney problems, diverticulosis) and are influenced by false beliefs about food (such as considering eating beets and bean broth good for the blood, and believing that gelatin is very nutritious). This same pattern is repeated in the relationship with primary teachers. Both groups are determined of the importance of taking up these topics in the study programs, but they do not have the knowledge that can be carried out. Finally, the report summarizes the results of five workshops that were evaluated to determine the professional profile of teachers in the areas of health and nutrition, and some recommendations on the solution to the problem studied.
ABSTRACT: According to researchers, the study allowed to determine a series of indicators on the training needs of preschool and primary teachers in the Western Region, specifically in the area of health and nutrition. The research was carried out through a survey that answered 41 preschool and 79 primary school educators, in addition to direct observation by those in charge of the study. The report includes some conclusions of great relevance for decision-making in this regard: the highest concentration of preschool education centers is in urban areas, and of these the most developed are kindergartens. Educators use three sources (books, magazines, and the press) to integrate health and nutrition issues into their classes, as there is little advice offered by the MEP and the Ministry of Health. 66% of preschool educators have not received training in the area of health and nutrition, generally do not have basic knowledge on the subject and may be the origin of the development of certain negative behaviors and attitudes towards this area (for example, to consider that the consumption of fats and salt in excess is recommended for good nutrition), they are unaware of the implication that unsatisfactory nutrition has in alterations of fats in Costa Rica (colon cancer, heart and kidney problems, diverticulosis) and are influenced by false beliefs about food (such as considering eating beets and bean broth good for the blood, and believing that gelatin is very nutritious). This same pattern is repeated in the relationship with primary teachers. Both groups are determined of the importance of taking up these topics in the study programs, but they do not have the knowledge that can be carried out. Finally, the report summarizes the results of five workshops that were evaluated to determine the professional profile of teachers in the areas of health and nutrition, and some recommendations on the solution to the problem studied.
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FORMACIÓN DE DOCENTES, SALUD, NUTRICIÓN, EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA, JARDINES INFANTILES, TEACHER TRAINING, HEALTH, NUTRITION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, CHILDREN'S GARDENS