La experiencia educativa docente de cara a las realidades de la virtualización educativa.
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2021
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INIE
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Este libro es producto del Proyecto de Acción Social ED-3229 "Encuentros en Educación: la perspectiva crítica en la actualidad". Tiene como objetivo realizar una indagación exploratoria con docentes del sistema educativo nacional y de instituciones de educación superior, para conocer cuál ha sido la experiencia que se ha tenido con la implementación de la virtualización educativa en contexto de pandemia. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación es de carácter mixto. La información recopilada procede de dos fuentes principales: a) información estadística publicada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INEC), sobre tasas de pobreza y de empleo y desempleo, así como sobre la disponibilidad de equipo tecnológico y de conectividad existentes en los hogares costarricenses; b) información de fuente primaria, obtenida por medio de la aplicación de un cuestionario en línea, el cual fue respondido por 32 docentes que laboran en distintos niveles del sistema educativo y que se localizan en centros educativos de distintos lugares del país. Entre las consideraciones finales que se presentan se encuentran las siguientes: La crisis sanitaria originada por el Covid-19 estableció en el país una situación totalmente inédita. Para hacerle frente y actuar en ella, lo mismo en el campo de la educación como en otras dimensiones de la realidad social, tal como señala una de las personas informantes, nadie contaba con la más mínima preparación. Tanto entre las plantas docentes y administrativas de las instituciones educativas como entre la población estudiantil, de la virtualización educativa no se tenía previamente ni siquiera una experiencia de ensayo o de simulacro.
Por otra parte, la pandemia se instaló en una Costa Rica caracterizada desde hace bastante tiempo por un incremento sistémico y estructural de las desigualdades sociales, la pobreza, el desempleo, así como por una desigual distribución territorial de la red de los servicios públicos que brindan las instituciones del Estado. A ello cabe agregar la crisis fiscal que afronta el país desde hace tres lustros, que ha contribuido a ampliar y profundizar las desigualdades y que ha venido también a deteriorar la capacidad del Estado para
proporcionar a la población servicios públicos de calidad, en condiciones de inclusión, equidad e igualdad.
En un escenario como este, es obvio que el establecimiento de la virtualización educativa se convierte en un nuevo factor de desigualdad, inequidad, exclusión, cierre de oportunidades de cara al presente y al futuro. En el campo de la educación, tal como señala (González, 2020, párrafo 3), la pandemia “ha mostrado (…) las vulnerabilidades del sistema educativo nacional: la desigualdad imperante y la poca preparación existente para pasar masivamente a la educación digital y a distancia.”
ABSTRACT:This book is the product of the ED-3229 Social Action Project "Encounters in Education: the critical perspective today". Its objective is to carry out an exploratory inquiry with teachers from the national educational system and higher education institutions, to find out what the experience has been with the implementation of educational virtualization in the context of a pandemic. The methodology used in this research is of a mixed nature. The information collected comes from two main sources: a) statistical information published by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), on poverty and employment and unemployment rates, as well as on the availability of technological equipment and existing connectivity in the Costa Rican homes; b) primary source information, obtained through the application of an online questionnaire, which was answered by 32 teachers who work at different levels of the educational system and who are located in educational centers in different parts of the country. Among the final considerations that are presented are the following: The health crisis caused by Covid-19 established a totally unprecedented situation in the country. To face and act on it, the same in the field of education as in other dimensions of social reality, As one of the informants points out, no one had the slightest training. Both among the teaching and administrative plants of educational institutions and among the student population, educational virtualization did not previously even have a trial or simulation experience. On the other hand, the pandemic settled in a Costa Rica characterized for quite some time by a systemic and structural increase in social inequalities, poverty, unemployment, as well as by an unequal territorial distribution of the network of public services that provide State institutions. To this must be added the fiscal crisis that the country has been facing for three decades, which has contributed to widening and deepening inequalities and which has also deteriorated the State's ability to provide the population with quality public services, under conditions of inclusion. , equity and equality. In a scenario like this, it is obvious that the establishment of educational virtualization becomes a new factor of inequality, inequity, exclusion, closure of opportunities for the present and the future. In the field of education, as pointed out (González, 2020, paragraph 3), the pandemic “has shown (…) the vulnerabilities of the national educational system: the prevailing inequality and the lack of preparedness to go massively to digital education and distance."
ABSTRACT:This book is the product of the ED-3229 Social Action Project "Encounters in Education: the critical perspective today". Its objective is to carry out an exploratory inquiry with teachers from the national educational system and higher education institutions, to find out what the experience has been with the implementation of educational virtualization in the context of a pandemic. The methodology used in this research is of a mixed nature. The information collected comes from two main sources: a) statistical information published by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), on poverty and employment and unemployment rates, as well as on the availability of technological equipment and existing connectivity in the Costa Rican homes; b) primary source information, obtained through the application of an online questionnaire, which was answered by 32 teachers who work at different levels of the educational system and who are located in educational centers in different parts of the country. Among the final considerations that are presented are the following: The health crisis caused by Covid-19 established a totally unprecedented situation in the country. To face and act on it, the same in the field of education as in other dimensions of social reality, As one of the informants points out, no one had the slightest training. Both among the teaching and administrative plants of educational institutions and among the student population, educational virtualization did not previously even have a trial or simulation experience. On the other hand, the pandemic settled in a Costa Rica characterized for quite some time by a systemic and structural increase in social inequalities, poverty, unemployment, as well as by an unequal territorial distribution of the network of public services that provide State institutions. To this must be added the fiscal crisis that the country has been facing for three decades, which has contributed to widening and deepening inequalities and which has also deteriorated the State's ability to provide the population with quality public services, under conditions of inclusion. , equity and equality. In a scenario like this, it is obvious that the establishment of educational virtualization becomes a new factor of inequality, inequity, exclusion, closure of opportunities for the present and the future. In the field of education, as pointed out (González, 2020, paragraph 3), the pandemic “has shown (…) the vulnerabilities of the national educational system: the prevailing inequality and the lack of preparedness to go massively to digital education and distance."
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Educación, Tecnología educativa, Enseñanza virtual, Docentes, Education, Educational technology, Virtual teaching, Teachers